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Glossary of Terms
(provided by Concrete Sawing &
Drilling Association)
Adapters or Reducer
Couplings: reduces large drill motor thread to
smaller thread for use with smaller bits (i.e. bots
smaller than 1.25 inches).
Aggregate: inert
solid bodies such as crushed rock, sand, gravel, crushed
hydraulic cement concrete.
Auger: 1. A short,
spiral-shaped tool run on a torque bar to drill soils
and soft rocks, serving also as a platform to retain the
cuttings for removal by raising the auger to the
surface. 2. A drill rod with continuous helical fluting,
which acts as a screw conveyor to remove cuttings
produced by an auger drill head.
Bevel Cutting:
cutting at an angle other than a right angle between two
lines or surfaces
Bit: any device
that may be attached to, or is an integral part of, a
drill string and is used as a cutting tool to bore into
and penetrate rock or other materials, by utilizing
power applied percussively or by rotation.
Bit Adaptor: the
threaded driving head of the bit.
Bit Extensions:
used for drilling deeper holes. Extensions are threaded
together and attached between the bit and the motor
output shaft.
Borehole: a
circular hole made with a rotary or diamond drill with
an auger or other rotated cutting tools or bits for
exploring rock or soil in search of minerals or water,
or for blasting foundation and soil testing, drainage,
and other purposes. Also called a drill hole.
Boring: to pierce
or gouge out with an auger or drill.
Casing: special
steel tubing welded or screwed together and lowered into
a drilled hole to prevent entry of loose rock, gas, or
liquid into the hole or to prevent loss of circulation
liquid into porous, cavernous, or crevassed ground.
Caster: small wheel
attached to the leg of a piece of furniture.
Cathead hoist: a
small, deep-flanged, spool-like winch or capsan mounted
on the countershaft of the hoisting drum near the front
and generally to one side of the swivel head of a
diamond drill. It is used to wind a line when breaking
or making up rod, casing, or pipe joints, and to operate
a drive hammer.
Control Joints:
grooves that are tooled or cut into the surface of wet
concrete to make it crack in straight lines at planned
locations, rather than cracking rather than cracking
randomly.
Crown (or Kerf):
the cutting edge.
Curing: the process
of aging a new concrete slab with proper moisture to
reduce cracking and shrinkage and to develop strength.
Diamond Concentration:
the amount of diamond within a given volume of the
matrix.
Diamond Size:
expressed in diamond mesh sizes.
Expansion Joint: a
bitumious fiber strip used to separate blocks or units
of concrete to prevent cracking due to expansion caused
by temperature changes.
Flange: a rib or
rim on an object for strength, for guiding, or for
attachment to another object.
Flush: adjacent
surfaces even, or in same plane (flat against).
Furring: in
building, thin boards providing a basis for laths,
plaster, etc.
Grade and Gradation:
the rate of decent or ascent (slope) and the act of
becoming a different grade.
Length: specified
by core length if certain depth drilling is desired.
Standard core length is 13 inches. For overall length of
core bit, add 2.5 inches to desired core length.
Lineal: in direct
line of decent.
Martix: term used
to describe the metal bond in diamond blades and bits.
Open End or Open Back
Barrel: for use with expansion adapters.
Over Cuts: where
two lines intersect bordering the perimeter of an
opening that is being saw cut. These overcuts are caused
by the radius of the saw blade. In order for a blade to
cut all the way through a wall or slab at the corners,
there must be an overcut.
Parapet wall:
portion of any exterior wall that extends above the
roofline.
Piles: long posts
driven into the soil in swampy locations or wherever it
is difficult to secure a firm foundation.
Rebar: a steel rod
with ridges for use in reinforced concrete.
Rig: 1. A drill
machine complete with auxiliary and accessory equipment
needed to drill bore holes. Also called a drill rig. 2.
To assemble and set up a tripod, derrick, and/or drill
machine for use. Also called a rig up or set up.
Shim (shimming): a
wedge or strip of metal used to fill in or bring one
part level with another.
Slab: a concrete
floor placed directly on the earth or on a gravel base,
usually about 4 inches thick.
Slurry: 1. A watery
mixture of water and finely divided insoluble material,
such as portland cement, slag or clay in suspension 2.
Cement grout.
Slurry wall:
non-structural barriers that are constructed underground
to impede groundwater flow
Span: horizontal
dimension between vertical supports. The span of a beam
is the distance between the posts that support it.
Stitch Drilling (or
Line Drilling): stitch drilling is usually utilized
when over cuts are not permitted or when a small opening
in needed in a relatively thick slab or wall. A series
of round holes are core drilled and the excess is then
chipped away.
Three Piece Expansion
Adapter: used with open-end bits.
Torque: the force
that tends to produce a twist in a rotating member, such
as a driving shaft or string of drill rods.
Tube or Core Barrel:The
main body of the bit. Should alway be tested for being
in round.
Waterways: slots
across the face of the bit allowing water to remove
cuttings.
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